Testwiki:About Chinese/Gan

Template:Shortcut Wiktionary uses the following system to transcribe Nanchang dialect of Gan Chinese. See Module:gan-pron for the codes.

Initials

IPA	Xiong (1979, 1994)	MFCCD	Transcription	Example	Notes
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	b	巴
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	p	爬
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	m	馬
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	f	花
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	d	打
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	t	他
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	l	拉
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	z	遮
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	c	車
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	s	沙
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	j	姐	only before high front vowels
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	q	且	only before high front vowels
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ny	膩	only before high front vowels
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	x	寫	only before high front vowels
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	g	家
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	k	抲
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ng	丫
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	h	蝦

Rhymes

IPA	Xiong (1994)	MFCCD	Transcription	Example	Notes
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	i	資	only after Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	i	衣
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	u	烏
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	y	迂
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	a	丫
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ia	爺
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ua	娃
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	o	我
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uo	窩
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	e	許
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ie	渠
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	-	ue	-
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ye	靴
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	eo	而
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	-	m	姆	zero initial
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	n	你	zero initial
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ng	五	zero initial
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ai	愛
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uai	歪
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	-	oi	-	only used for interjections
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	-	ei	-	only used in contractions
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	i	灰	only after Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ui	委
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	au	咬
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	eu	猴
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ieu	腰
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iu	洲	only after Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iu	優
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	an	淹
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uan	彎
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	on	安
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uon	完
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	yon	冤
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	en	恆
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ien	煙
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iin	本
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	in	陰
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	un	文
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	yn	雲
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ang	坑
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iang	影
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uang	橫
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ong	巷
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iong	羊
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uong	王
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ung	翁
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iung	擁
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	at	鴨
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uat	挖
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ot	喝
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uot	活
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	yot	越
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	et	黑
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iet	頁
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uet	國
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iit	不
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	it	一
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ut	骨
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	yt	屈
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ah	客
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iah	額
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	-	uah	-
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	oh	惡
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	ioh	藥
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uoh	郭
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	uh	屋
Template:IPAchar	Template:IPAfont	Template:IPAfont	iuh	肉

Suprasegmentals

Tones

Tone name	Tone value (Wiktionary; Xiong, 1979, 1994)	Tone value (MFCCD)	Transcription	Example	Notes
dark level	42		1	翻
light level (A)	24		2	襻	only with aspirated initials
rising	213		3	反
dark departing (or light level B)	35	45	4	凡	only with unaspirated initials
light departing	11	21	5	飯
dark checked	5		6	法
light checked	2		7	罰
neutral			(unmarked)	朋友

Tone sandhi

• $\text{rising }[213]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{dark level }[42]\\ \text{light level }[24]\\ \text{dark departing }[35]\\ \text{dark checked }[5]\end{array}\right\}\to [13]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{dark level }[42]\\ \text{light level }[24]\\ \text{dark departing }[35]\\ \text{dark checked }[5]\end{array}\right\}$
• $\text{rising }[213]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[213]\\ \text{light departing }[11]\\ \text{light checked }[2]\end{array}\right\}\to [24]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[213]\\ \text{light departing }[11]\\ \text{light checked }[2]\end{array}\right\}$
• $\text{rising }[213]+\text{neutral}\to [21]+\text{neutral}$

Stress

Stress is indicated by an apostrophe (') before the syllable.

Template:L 'jin¹ nyit⁶

Template:L sui³ 'guo³