Citations:inverted hat

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• 1982, Paul Kiparsky, Explanation in Phonology (Foris Publications; Template:ISBN, 9789070176372), page 124

  In Russian the dentals t, d, s and the velars k, g, x become palatalized to č, ž, š by a process that is quite productive in the verb conjugation. (The inverted hat (haček) represents palatalization and the symbol ʒ stands for a dental affricate.)

• 1992 February 19th (12:12am), “David Stein” (user name), rec.arts.sf.written (Usenet newsgroup), “Czech SF magazine: IKARIE”, Message ID: <1992Feb19.001223.16678@math.ucla.edu>

  ~ stands for the “hacek”, i.e. the inverted hat.

• 1995 April 30th, “Ron Meisenheimer” (user name), comp.soft-sys.sas (Usenet newsgroup), “ASCII chars and SAS titles”, Message ID: <3o15ek$jep@falcon.ns.net>#1/1

  I’m using PC SAS and would like to get the symbol for infinity in the title of my output. I’m pretty sure most of my DOS and Windows apps allow you to do that . . . All you have to do is hold down the Alt key and enter 236.
  When I do that with SAS, it shows up correctly onscreen; but when it’s printed out, I get an ‘s’ with an inverted hat over it.

• 1995 May 31st, “David Luoto” (user name), misc.writing (Usenet newsgroup), “Re: Subtleties in plagiarism”, Message ID: <dluoto-310595084556@dluoto.ea.com>#1/1

  Karel Capek is the playwright you’re thinking of. (That’s “Capek” with one of those inverted hats over the “C”. The Czechs are so fond of those…)

• 1996 December 23, Ashok Das and Shibaji Roy, "On M-theory and the symmetries of type II string effective actions", Nuclear Physics B volume 482, page 122, with internal endnotes omitted:

  In the first part of this section, weTemplate:... fix our notations and conventions.Template:... We denote the eleven-dimensional fields and cordinates with an 'inverted hat', the ten-dimensional objects with 'hat' and objects in nine dimensions will be denoted without 'hat'.Template:... The bosonic part of the CJS supergravity action has the form

  $S^{(11)}=\int d^{11}\check{x}\check{e}[\check{R}-\frac{1}{12}{\check{F}}_{\check{\mu }\check{\nu }\check{\rho }\check{\sigma }}{\check{F}}^{\check{\mu }\check{\nu }\check{\rho }\check{\sigma }}+\frac{8}{(12{)}^4}\frac{1}{\check{e}}{ϵ}^{{\check{\mu }}_1\dots {\check{\mu }}_{11}}{\check{F}}_{{\check{\mu }}_1\dots {\check{\mu }}_4}{\check{F}}_{{\check{\mu }}_5\dots {\check{\mu }}_8}{\check{C}}_{{\check{\mu }}_9\dots {\check{\mu }}_{11}}]$,

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• 1997 June 25th, “Alan Swindells” (user name), rec.music.classical (Usenet newsgroup), “Re: How Ignorant Am I?”, Message ID: <na.00e819479f.a70120alan.ags@argonet.co.uk>#1/1

  If you don’t find any references to Franz Krommer, try Frantisek Kramar (put an acute accent over the last a, and an inverted hat over the s and the last r. Damn the limitations of ASCII)

• 2000 December 30th (12:01am), “Filip” (user name), soc.culture.greek (Usenet newsgroup), “THE THEORY OF THE VENETI IN SLOVENIA: A Problem of History, Historiography or Ideology?”, Message ID: <92j8l8$7q6$1@nnrp1.deja.com>

  So, what is this Venetic theory that provokes so much enthusiasm in one camp and so much contempt and sarcasm in the other? Generally it is considered that the Slovenes are descendants of the Slavs who in the 6th century arrived as far as the eastern foothills of the Alps. Supported by a few documentary sources this hypothesis is upheld by present-day Slovenian scholars, as well as those who, after [the Czech] Šafarik [r with inverted hat], have studied the ancient history of the Slavs.

• 2001 September 10th (4:46 pm), “Carmen Bartels” (user name), rec.food.cooking (Usenet newsgroup), “Autumn Bean Soup”, Message ID: <GJGH8u.16o@squirrel.han.de>

  “dabelska smes” has diacritic sign over both a and an inverted hat over the e in smes. I bought this mix in Czechia and like it for seasoning if I aim at balkan food.

• 2002 March 22nd (6:44pm), “Bruce Scott TOK” (user name), rec.sport.skating.ice.figure (Usenet newsgroup), “Re: SPOILER – Ladies Short”, Message ID: <a7fqiaINN20j@subds.rzg.mpg.de>

  “Gretsky” is written “Grecki” or “Gorecki” in Central Europe, for example (sometimes there is an inverted hat over the “c”).

• 2002 July 15th (10:44pm), “Aokay [David G. Bryce]” (user name), alt.usage.english (Usenet newsgroup), “Re: Names of foreign monarchs – when to Anglicise?”, Message ID: <ig17jugfjqdr1n0b4vgdj4ecuprn56d99f@4ax.com>

  The Czechs pronounce the name of their country (it’s the Ceska republika, the C being accented with one of those cute little inverted hats on top) Cheska …… (more or less).

• 2002 November 5th (10:10pm), “Richard Proctor” (user name), perl.perl6.language (Usenet newsgroup), “Re: Unicode operators [Was: Re: UTF-8 and Unicode FAQ, demos]”, Message ID: <Marcel-1.53-1105221907-bbaRr9i@waveney.demon.co.uk>

  Once you go beyond latin-1 there is nothing common anyway. The Gullimots become T and t with inverted hats under Latin-2, oe and G with an inverted hat under Latin-3, oe and G with a squiggle under it under Latin-4, No meaning and a stylisd K for Latin-5, (cant find latin6), Gullimots under Latin 7, nothing under latin-8.

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• 1997 October 1st, “Ian James Abbott” (user name), uk.media.animation.anime (Usenet newsgroup), “EVA”, Message ID: <34321941.297938@perfect.airtime.co.uk>#1/1

  evangeʹlical (-nj-) a. & n. of or according to the teaching of the gospel or the Christian religion; (member) of the Protestent school maintaining that the essence of the gospel consists in doctrine of salvation by faith in Atonement, whence ~ISM (3) n.; hence ~LY^2 adv. [from ecclesiastical Latin from ecclesiastical Greek ‘euggelikos’ (as EVANGEL; see -IC, -AL)]
  ** The ‘e’ in ‘eva’ has a macron over it this time, making it ‘ee’; the ‘a’ has an inverted hat again; the ‘e’ and ‘i’ in ‘geli’ have inverted hats, making them short.

• 2002 November 5th (10:10pm), “Richard Proctor” (user name), perl.perl6.language (Usenet newsgroup), “Re: Unicode operators [Was: Re: UTF-8 and Unicode FAQ, demos]”, Message ID: <Marcel-1.53-1105221907-bbaRr9i@waveney.demon.co.uk>

  Once you go beyond latin-1 there is nothing common anyway. The Gullimots become T and t with inverted hats under Latin-2, oe and G with an inverted hat under Latin-3, oe and G with a squiggle under it under Latin-4, No meaning and a stylisd K for Latin-5, (cant find latin6), Gullimots under Latin 7, nothing under latin-8.

• 2011 November 8th (11:04pm), “Robert Bonomi” (user name), mailing.freebsd.questions (Usenet newsgroup), “‘Unprintable’ 8-bit characters”, Message ID: <mailpost.1320815087.5921546.17975.mailing.freebsd.questions@FreeBSD.cs.nctu.edu.tw>

  Now, one (obviously) has to have the basic ‘Roman’ alphabet.
  Then there are all the diacritical markings (accent, accent grave, dot umlaut, ring, bar, ‘hat’, inverted hat, etc.) for vowels. And cedilla, tilde, etc., for select consonants. Plus language specific symbols like ess-zett , ‘thorn’, etc.