Testwiki:About Chinese/Jin

Template:Shortcut Wiktionary uses the following system to transcribe Taiyuan dialect (old-style) of Jin Chinese. See Module:cjy-pron for the codes.

Initials

IPA	Transcription	Example	Notes
Template:IPAchar	b	巴
Template:IPAchar	p	爬
Template:IPAchar	m	麻
Template:IPAchar	f	夫
Template:IPAchar	v	挖
Template:IPAchar	d	打
Template:IPAchar	t	他
Template:IPAchar	n	拿
Template:IPAchar	l	拉
Template:IPAchar	z	渣
Template:IPAchar	c	查
Template:IPAchar	s	沙
Template:IPAchar	r	如
Template:IPAchar	j	家
Template:IPAchar	q	拤
Template:IPAchar	x	蝦
Template:IPAchar	g	嘎
Template:IPAchar	k	卡
Template:IPAchar	h	哈
Template:IPAchar	gh	我	old-style; = new-style Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	ng	我	new-style; = old-style Template:IPAchar

Rhymes

IPA	Transcription	Example	Notes
Template:IPAchar	i	知	only after Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	i	衣
Template:IPAchar	u	胡
Template:IPAchar	y	魚
Template:IPAchar	er	兒
Template:IPAchar	a	哈
Template:IPAchar	ia	牙
Template:IPAchar	ua	花
Template:IPAchar	e	鵝
Template:IPAchar	ue	和
Template:IPAchar	ie	煙
Template:IPAchar	ye	冤
Template:IPAchar	ai	哀
Template:IPAchar	uai	懷
Template:IPAchar	ei	給
Template:IPAchar	ui	灰
Template:IPAchar	au	熬
Template:IPAchar	iau	妖
Template:IPAchar	ou	歐
Template:IPAchar	iou	優
Template:IPAchar	an	安
Template:IPAchar	uan	歡
Template:IPAchar	on	昂	old-style; = new-style Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	ion	央	old-style; = new-style Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	uon	黃	old-style; = new-style Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	ang	昂	new-style; = old-style Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	iang	央	new-style; = old-style Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	uang	黃	new-style; = old-style Template:IPAchar
Template:IPAchar	eng	恩
Template:IPAchar	ing	英
Template:IPAchar	ung	轟
Template:IPAchar	yng	雲
Template:IPAchar	ah	喝	many merged with Template:IPAchar in new-style
Template:IPAchar	iah	鴨
Template:IPAchar	uah	滑	many merged with Template:IPAchar in new-style
Template:IPAchar	eh	黑
Template:IPAchar	ieh	一
Template:IPAchar	ueh	忽
Template:IPAchar	yeh	月

Erhua

Erhua is indicated with r after the original rhyme. For the rhyme -e (Template:IPAchar), an apostrophe is added before the r, i.e. -e'r (Template:IPAchar) to distinguish it from -er (Template:IPAchar).

Tones

Tone name	Tone value	Transcription	Example	Notes
level	11	1	翻
rising	53	2	反
departing	45	3	飯
dark checked	2	4	法
light checked	54	5	罰	merged with dark checked in new-style
neutral

Tone sandhi

• $\text{rising }[53]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[53]\\ \text{light checked }[54]\end{array}\right\}\to [11]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[53]\\ \text{light checked }[54]\end{array}\right\}$
• $\text{dark checked }[2]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{level }[11]\\ \text{dark checked }[2]\end{array}\right\}\to [54]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{level }[11]\\ \text{dark checked }[2]\end{array}\right\}$
• $\text{dark checked }[2]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[53]\\ \text{light checked }[54]\end{array}\right\}\to [45]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[53]\\ \text{light checked }[54]\end{array}\right\}$
• $\text{light checked }[54]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[53]\\ \text{departing }[45]\end{array}\right\}\to [2]+\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{rising }[53]\\ \text{departing }[45]\end{array}\right\}$
• $\text{reduplicated level }[11]\to [11]+[45]$
• $\text{reduplicated rising }[53]\to [53]+[11]$
• $\text{reduplicated departing }[45]\to [45]+[53]$
• $\text{reduplicated light checked }[54]\to [54]+[2]$
• $\left\{\begin{array}{c}\text{dark checked }[2]\\ \text{light checked }[54]\end{array}\right\}+\text{erhua}\to [53]$

References

• Template:W: Taiyuan dialect
• 崔容, 太原方言新派老派的语音差异